| Abstract [eng] |
The problem of the unemployed the old member-states of the European Union such as the Republic of Ireland as well as the new member-states such as the Republic of Lithuania face is difficult to solve on economic and social scale. Although the right to work is guaranteed, absolute employment and job choice according to personal education, professional qualification and preferences is not being put into practice and causes the phenomenon of unemployment. It is impossible to ensure absolute absence of unemployment by legislation because the market dictates its own demands. Therefore, the legal acts regulating employment need improvement and adjustments to present situation to protect passive participants of the job market – the unemployed. When the characteristics of the unemployed are being analysed the requirements to provide such a status are revealed. The concept of the unemployed was criticised and changed many times in the Lithuanian legislation. In the Republic of Ireland “an unemployed is considered to be a person ready and able to work, searching for a job and ready to be employed full-time“. The concept is similar but not analogous in the legislation of other countries. The concept is an important legal element upon which depends not only unemployment level but organizational and legal forms of employment promotion, and social and economic guarantees to the unemployed as well. The rights of the unemployed in Lithuania are related to access of information about vacancies and the consultations provided. The territorial Labour Exchange serves as a mediator between employers and people searching for job. In the event of unemployment the state provides Lithuanian and Irish inhabitants financial support to give them an opportunity to satisfy their necessary needs until the support receiver becomes stronger in the labour market. Irish social security system also envisages a possibility to receive payment. There are two types of payment: the unemployed allowance and the unemployed insurance allowance. Additional payment were started in Ireland in 1977 and allotted to the cases that are not included in social insurance or health insurance payments in the event a person appears in a critical situation to satisfy necessary needs. The status of the unemployed is not constant as the legal status of person is changing depending on his/her participation in the labour market. An active policy of the labour market is a basis of European labour strategy and is defined as the major goal in the member states of the European Union. |
