| Abstract [eng] |
67 pages, 14 figures, 8 tables, 77 references. The main objective of the paper is to assess and compare the income gap and its determinants in Lithuania in 2014 and 2018 and the methods used in Lithuania to reduce the gender income gap. The thesis consists of 4 parts: critical literature analysis, research methodology, research results and conclusions and recommendations. The critical literature analysis reviews and identifies the main causes of the gender income gap, highlights the consequences of the gender income gap in old age, identifies the main ways of reducing the gender income gap in the OECD and Lithuania, and provides an overview of the income gap in Lithuania. Following a critical literature review, the author conducted a study on discrimination against women and on the estimation of the gender income gap in the Lithuanian labour market in 2014 and 2018. The study uses the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method to identify discrimination against women, and a quantile regression method to estimate the gender income gap. The study was carried out using RStudio. The study uses data from the 2014 and 2018 Lithuanian Wage Structure Surveys. The results of the study present the statistically significant characteristics with the highest coefficient values that determine the gender income gap in Lithuania. The results of the study show that the gender characteristics that contribute most to discrimination in the Lithuanian labour market in 2014 and 2018 are higher education, seniority and full-time employment. Furthermore, the results show that the gender income gap in the Lithuanian labour market in 2014 and 2018 is most pronounced between men and women with higher education and the highest earnings. The conclusions and recommendations summarise the main causes of the gender income gap, the measures taken to reduce the gender income gap in the OECD and Lithuania, and the results of the study. The author believes that the results of the study may be useful for the Ministry of Social Security and Labour in the preparation of the next Lithuanian Action Plan for Equal Opportunities for Women and Men and in the preparation of the annual reports of this plan. |
