| Abstract [eng] |
Summary Disability in the Soviet Era: Education of the Deaf in the Lithuanian SSR Unlike hearing people, deaf people cannot learn spoken language on their own, as the basis for independent language development is destroyed without a hearing (Stepanova, 2000). Hence, it is necessary to take certain measures and construct language in artificial ways, for example, by rehabilitating them through the introduction of oral-speech, in order to bring them closer to hearing people (Vieira & Maldonado-Molina, 2018). Thus, here it becomes apparent, that in the education of the deaf, compared to the education of hearing children, there was some difference, which allowed the foundations to be laid for the transformation, the smoothing and the remaking of the deaf into a new "Soviet man". And in trying to understand what that education was like and how it was most different, it is best to focus here on how it was organised and what was demanded of deaf people in the process of education. Therefore, internal considerations naturally arise, prompting us to ask and raise the problematic question: in what ways, in the process of forming the new Soviet man, were attempts made to educate the deaf in the Lithuanian SSR? Object of the research. Education of the deaf in the Lithuanian SSR. The aim of the research. To reveal the specifics of the education of the deaf in the Lithuanian SSR in the historical and general context of the perception of disability. Objectives: 1. To describe the specifics of the education of the deaf in the world. 2. 2. To provide an overview of how disability is perceived in medical and social models of disability. 3. Discuss disability in the Soviet era and Soviet attitudes towards deaf people. 4. Discuss the formation of attitudes to deaf education in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. 5. To reveal how the deaf education in the Lithuanian SSR took place. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature, analysis of archival documents of the museum of the Lithuanian Educational Centre for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing, analysis of secondary data (visual material in sign language), qualitative research - semi-structured interviews. |
