| Abstract [eng] |
This Master's thesis examines the intersection of politics and morality in order to enable the idea of dignity in human reality, while analysing the political theory of the philosopher Hanna Arendt and rethinking its aspects from the perspective of the philosopher Robert Spaemann. Arendt's authentic politics, revealed in the "Human Condition", in this master’s thesis is considered inseparable from the concept of the right to have rights (representing the idea of dignity), revealed in the "Origins of Totalitarianism", claiming that universal empowerment of the right to have rights becomes the ultimate moral goal of a philosopher’s authentic politics. This way purely political treatment of the ontological categories (plurality and natality) that, according to Arendt, establish authentic political experience is questioned, claiming that the philosopher, for the purpose of dignity, fails to achieve the autonomy of political ontology with respect to moral experience. This interpretation of the philosopher's thought is supported by comparing Arendt's and Spaemann's differently based concepts of human ontology and dignity. From the perspective of Spaemann's thought, it is revealed that the ontological categories distinguished by Arendt determine not only political, but also moral experience, proving that a moral goal to enable dignity conditions political action and is not a consequence of that action. Finally, it is argued that, the political interpretation of ontology in Arendt’s philosophy is not justified because the ontological categories (plurality and natality) are directed to the goal of dignity and inseparable from the moral experience immanent to these categories. It is only through moral experience that dignity in Arendt's theory is not subject to the condition of political stability, but becomes a moral landmark of the community in support of politics and political stability. |
