| Abstract [eng] |
Justification. Smoking is the most common addictive disorder, that causes health problems and premature death. New products that supply nicotine are being developed as alternative smoking methods to avoid the consumption of compounds from combustion processes. A new generation of smoking / steaming products is being launched to attract new consumers to the market. The proportion of young people who have never tried smoking has increased in the 18-25 age group, and the number of people who have smoked e-cigarettes has increased. The prevalence of e-cigarette smoking is highest in the 18-25 age group. Although since 1990 the prevalence of smoking is declining worldwide, but the total number of smokers is growing as the population grows. The 15-24 age group is a crucial time for individuals to develop nicotine addiction and become established smokers. The aim of the study was to reveal the factors of tobacco and / or e-cigarette smoking among 18-29 year olds. Tasks: 1. Reveal the circumstances that promote smoking. 2. Describe the attitudes of smokers towards smoking. 3. Highlight the factors that motivate you to quit smoking. 4. To reveal the attitude towards the applied preventive measures in the country. Method. A qualitative induction test method was used. Semi-structured interviews were expected to reveal the smoking factors of 18-29 year olds in tobacco and / or e-cigarettes. This method helped to reveal young people’s smoking factors, health literacy knowledge, and personal experiences. Results and conclusions. A total of 8 informants who agreed to participate in the study were interviewed. The early start of the smoking process is noted by all participants, the onset of regular smoking ranged from 15 to 17 years of age. Minors, experiencing social disapproval from the country, are interested in smoking in secret, making the process even more appealing. The onset of smoking is initiated by factors in the social environment: peer family members and friends. Informants, guided by preconceived notions, admit they started smoking to make new friends. If there are adult smokers in the family, their attitudes toward adolescent smoking are more lenient Contrary to state law, the acquisition of a smoker does not appear to be difficult, and it is quite easy for smokers to have a home at home. With the new fashion of e-cigarettes, new aspects of the attractiveness of this harmful habit are emerging: various flavors, a pleasant smell, the possibility to change technical specifications, discreet use. Informants are convinced of the perceived health benefits: the harmlessness of e-cig smoke, a means of relaxation, insomnia, stress reduction, weight management. Smoking is encouraged by the location or situation, the presence of smokers, and work. Because of the biases of thinking, a person focuses on certain information, ignoring other important things, which leads to misperceptions. Knowing the consequences of smoking underestimates the risks of smoking. If the onset of smoking was affected by: a challenge, the surrounding environment, or pressure. The reasons for the current smoking are the more tangible, real factors associated with the pleasure and social benefits of communication: habit, the social aspects of smoking, the pleasure felt. Motives that can lead to quitting and staying non-smokers are individual: starting a family; pregnancy or having children; emergence of health problems. Each thrower needs an individual effective strategy. The preventive measures currently in place are considered ineffective and not working. |
