| Abstract [eng] |
This thesis examines the Ukrainian policy of the authorities and governance in the field of language and national minorities (2014-2021). Ukraine belongs to the group of post-Soviet states, which is characterized by processes of democratization and, in some cases, europeanization; however, with the change of government after Euromaidan and the onset of Russian military aggression, the Ukrainian authorities have taken steps to strengthen the principle of a single official language enshrined in the Constitution, a process which has not been unequivocally welcomed; the master's thesis examines the state language and the policy of national minorities during the specified period. Among the various areas of its policy, each country has not only areas that are important to that country, but also areas of great importance for both domestic processes and international relations. Language policy has a direct impact on the situation of national minorities, which in turn is linked to international treaties signed by the state. With globalisation, closer cross-border cooperation and integration into supranational organisations, the development and wider application of more general principles became timely. In post-communist Europe, this process became relevant in the early 1990s with the collapse of the Soviet Union and continues today (2021). The requirements for membership in international organisations are different, for example, international recognition of a state is sufficient for membership in the UN, when membership in the EU requires compliance with its principles, legislation and standards. Ukraine's situation has been assessed in various ways, but more recently, since 2014, the EU's sentiment has intensified and various steps have been taken at the state level to move closer to the EU and to integrate properly into EU structures. The EU imposes both compliance with its general principles and adherence to specific regulations on the integrating state. |
