| Abstract [eng] |
Due to the high prevalence of fraud crimes and the considerable scale of the damage caused, researchers focus heavily on controlling situational factors to reduce the risk of fraud crimes and improve their resolution. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about individual factors related to the decision to commit fraud. The dissertation, utilizing a dual process theory of information processing, aims to reveal the peculiarities of decision-making related to committing fraud crimes. It evaluates psychological and psychophysiological indicators, taking into account the time allocated for assessing the situation and the experience of anger. The results of the experimental study, involving 67 adult males serving a sentence of imprisonment, showed that decisions about fraud made while experiencing mild anger activate both automatic, intuitive (Type 1) and rational, analytical (Type 2) processing modes. Both the experience of mild anger and the time allocated for situation assessment influence the nature of decisions related to fraud. Choosing not to commit fraud correlates with increased heart rate variability and greater pupil dilation. Finally, the study determined that decisions about fraud typically involve an overestimation of the anticipated ‘benefit of the crime’ and an underestimation of the risk. Drawing on these findings, the dissertation proposes practical guidelines for fraud crime prevention and intervention. |
