| Abstract [eng] |
Theoretical analysis of pupils’ conception of social environment, factors that predetermine conception of mental retardation and the analysis of peculiarities of the development of children with intellectual disabilities have been carried out in the research paper. The set up Hypothesis is that social environment and physical capacity influence the motivation to engage intellectually retarded pupils in sports activities. The research, applying questionnaire survey, testing, pedagogical experiment method to determine the impact of social environment and physical capacity on motivation to engage pupils with intellectual disabilities in sport activities, has been carried out. Statistical (frequency, average, standard error, Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient, t-test) data analysis has been carried out. 72 pupils from Rusne, 20 pupils from Klaipeda 1st Special School for Intellectually Disabled pupils and 145 pupils from Rusne Primary School participated in the research. In the empirical part the attitude of intellectually disabled pupils and pupils from primary school towards social environment is analyzed. Rate of physical capacity and the influence of experimental program on intellectually disabled pupils are evaluated. Fundamental conclusions of the research: 1. Research data, related to solution of the first problem, showed that pupils participate in physical education lessons at school only because they are compulsory. 54% of pupils from Special School and 58% from primary school are not engaged in after school sport activities. 2. Hypothesis, that social environment and physical capacity influence motivation to engage intellectually disabled pupils in sports activities, was proved. Social environment of healthy children stimulates to exercise and engage in sports activities more, whereas intellectually disabled children are more encouraged by teachers to get engaged in physical activity. 3. Students from Special School evaluate their abilities inadequately: 22% of respondents claim that they care about their health a lot; 58% of intellectually disabled pupils state that they exercise enough to be healthy. 44% of intellectually disabled pupils do not like Lithuanian language, as they have language and communication disorders. 4% of intellectually disabled pupils do not have friends because of communication difficulties. 4. Rate of physical capacity of intellectually disabled pupils was changing unevenly. Better results are achieved in the age of 14-16. 5. Physical capacity rate of experimental group of girls slightly improved due to aerobics exercise, also the sudden and waist power showed a great improvement. Experimental program of aerobics could be one of the forms of spending leisure time: this activity gives a lot of positive emotions, girls come by free will, and their physical capacities improve. |
