| Abstract [eng] |
SUMMARY The History of Methods of Active Learning and Contemporary problems The methods of active learning have passed a long way of development from separate bases in Antiquity up to methodical systems of our days. In the present work the historical origin of methods of active learning and their evoliution in Antiquity, in the Middle Ages, during an epoch of the Renaissance, in XVIII century is analyzed; the concept of methods of active learning in new pedagogies of the Western Europe and the USA in the end of XIX century – the beginning of XX century is examined, the influence of „new education“ movement on didactic-methodical researches of the Lithuanian teachers during between the wars is revealed. Also the problems of application of methods of active learning at a lesson of Lithuanian literature in a modern 10th class are analyzed. Both the history of evoliution of methods of active learning and the modern research of application of active methods at lessons of the Lithuanian literature in 10th classes show, that there are some difficulties, problems at application of active methods. Historical evoliution of methods of active learning shows, that their application has not bypassed some extreme measures. Tradicional, herbartic pedagogies too much appreciated the tradicional methods and did not pay attention to methods of active learning, and in the end of XIX century – the beginning of XX century at the new schools of the Western Europe, and particulary in the progressive ones in USA, too much value was given to the active methods. Today at lessons in Lithuania literature 10th classes following problems of application of active methods found out: discipline and management of a class, creation of groups, an estimation of group work, preparation of an enviroment of a class, activity of pupils and insufficient rate of work and skills to cooperate in a group. |
