| Abstract [eng] |
This study aims to answer the main research question, how Georgia manages to maneuver between Russia and Turkey. In order to achieve the goal, the most important aspects of realism and “hedging” theory were singled out in the literature, applying the available material to the case of Georgia, based on the methodology, an analysis of the relationship between five Georgian politicians with Russia and Turkey was made, the perspective of cross-border relations created by the Presidency and the Cabinet of Ministers was compared, the research results were summarized and found out how Georgia maneuvers between the aforementioned two regional powers. The presidents, both G. Margvelashvili and S. Zurabishvili, did not apply the policy of maneuvering between regional powers, constantly criticized Moscow for various violations of international law, expressed support for Ukraine, and did not pay much attention to Turkey, but maintained friendly, cooperative relations. However, the prime ministers of the country in 2012-2024. during the period corresponded to the position of a “rational state” emphasized in the “hedging” theory, tried to have peaceful relations with Russia in different periods, although it failed to develop into closer cooperation. Nevertheless, the heads of governments behaved in such a way that the small state they represent, Georgia, can win only by maneuvering between the powers, trying to be “good for everyone” and developing pragmatic relations. To sum it up, one can see a big difference between the presidential and government line in Sakartvele, the presidents are sharp actors who condemn Russia, the heads of the government are pragmatists, trying to maintain good relations with the great powers. Considering the country's political system, it can be stated that Sakartvelas after the end of M. Saakashvili's era in 2012. switched to a hedging policy and improved relations with Moscow and Ankara with all its might, although it did not fully succeed with Russia, but both communication and sanctions against Moscow were not introduced after 2022. shows that the current government in Sakartvele has made a decision to act according to the parameters established in the “hedging” theory - to be a small, rational state and thus maintain its identity under conditions of uncertainty. |
