| Abstract [eng] |
Armia Krajowa’s (AK) Vilnius area was subordinated to Polish Government in exile in London and to AK Armed Forces Staff in Warsaw. It’s main aim was to recover Poland in borders of 1939. AK used a tactic of partisan war: organizing diversions, sabotages, dis- information and organisation of work in occupant’s institutions. This work presents structure and it’s objects of AK’s Vilnius area, with the help of archive resources to present and make out problem of relations between AK and Lithuanians, Soviets and Germans. Vilnius area’s specific situation was that during the Nazi occupation Lithuanians, Soviets as well as Poles considered this region as part of their states. That is why national problems on this territory were very important. AK realized that and with a help of it’s propaganda apparatus tried to attract local national minorities to AK side. Polish and German relations were hard. Members of polish armed resistance movement had been imprisoned, others were killed. In early 1944 German side tried to involve AK to common war with soviet partisans, but AK refused. More complicated relations were between Lithuanians and AK. Lithuanians didn’t consider Nazi Germany as bad as Soviet Union, and a lot of them were working in German institutions, especially in police. They were considered by AK as collaborantors and occupants, so AK fought with them. Probably the worst case that could happen took place in Glitiškės and Dubingiai. In Glitiškės lithuanian policemen shot 38 civic polish people. AK organised a reveange action on lithuanian civic peole in Dubingiai, they shot 27 people. Another example of bad relations are relations between AK and Lithuanian Territorial Defense Force (LTDF). In few battles LTDF was destroyed by AK. Both sides arranged few meetings to make relations better, but every meeting finished with no result. Both sides saw Vilnius area as the part of their future republics. Another military strong side, which was fighting in Vilnius area were soviet partisans. They presented USSR. During WWII Poland never had proclaimed war to USSR. In this case AK’s Vilnius area’s polish partisants were objected not to fight with soviet partisans. However, practically they were fighting, AK units usually were punishing soviet partisans for their crimes made on local people. In april 1943 USSR broke off diplomatic relations with Poland. From that moment soviet partisans had hand free to destroy AK and their were doing that. Although, both sides tried to unied to fight with Germans, but Soviets didn’t want to agree with polish conditions, and polish sides didn’t want to agree with Soviet position (to enter into Soviet partisan movement). German occupation finishes with the AK fight to conquer Vilnius (1944 – 07 – 06) from Germans, but all polish efforts were unavailing. Soviet army actually conquered the city. Soon soviets started arresting AK leaders and soldiers. |
