| Abstract [eng] |
Aim of the work is to analyse the effectiveness of the informal physical education and sport activity by revealing its effect on prevention of the juvenile delinquency. The Master’s degree work, after analysis of the scientific literature, identifies peculiarities of the phenomenon of delinquency as well as its expression during teenage years, analyses singularities of the juvenile age, the concept of the juvenile delinquency, factors, affecting it as well as the prevention. Also conceptual premises of informal education are presented by stressing importance of the physical activity on the development of social skills as well as the effect of the personality of a sport’s pedagogue on the formation of the behaviour of teenagers, effect of family and parents on the physical activeness of a child. On the base of the quantitative survey of the attitude of parents and pedagogues towards the physical education in informal education as the aid for the delinquency prevention, reliable differences between attitudes of pedagogues and parents were revealed and they allow stating that pedagogues more than parents stress that the juvenile delinquency is determined by bad relations with parents as well as the negative impact of friends and vice versa – parents agree that the delinquent behaviour of a child is affected by bad relations with pedagogues as well as lack of the interesting free time. All pedagogues and parents agree that informal programmes of physical education and sport, oriented towards the early delinquency prevention, help solving problems of the juvenile delinquency. All pedagogues agree that trainings and sport implement preventive functions. On the base of the qualitative survey, it appeared that parents as well as pedagogues stress that teenagers, implementing informal sport activity, increase the employment, educate personal features (independence, endurance, responsibility, independence) and are encouraged to seek for the aims, educate communicative skills, are occupied by purposeful activity and seek for the self-realisation, delinquency prevention. Pedagogues and parents separate the main disadvantages of the informal physical education and pedagogical sport activity as the aid for the juvenile delinquency prevention – difficult material situation, lack of information. On the base of the quantitative survey of the attitude of teenagers towards the physical education and sport in informal education as the aid for the delinquency prevention, reliable differences were identified between different stages of age (12-14 and 15-18). 83,9% of teenagers agree that the occupation during the free time may help to retract the teenager from the delinquent behavior or reduce the tendency to commit crimes (80,6%). The most often reason for the juvenile delinquency is identified as the lack of interesting free time activities by the group of teenagers of 12-14 years (more than 15-18). Senior teenagers indicate bad habits and lack of parents’ attention, negative effect of friends. Results of the qualitative survey (teenagers) revealed that students when implementing sport activities educate the personal features (responsibility, discipline, patience, consciousness, reliability, trust in oneself, patience and etc.), communication skills, learn to assess the positive behavior and the behaviors of others, change their lives, learn to protect them, direct the energy towards the positive direction, learn to manage the time. Positive aspects as sport activities, from the attitude of students, are the physical activity, good trainer, self-education, versatile positive evaluation of the sport activity, communication with other people, good free time spending, positive emotions, versatility of activities, appropriate environment. Obtained results confirm the premise that the effective organization of the physical education and sport activity in the informal education reduce the juvenile delinquency. |
