| Abstract [eng] |
This master's thesis analyses the peculiarities of the criminal liability of juveniles regulated in Chapter XI of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania. The concept of a minor is analysed, revealing it through the prism of age and social maturity criteria. Statistical data, Lithuanian case law and scientific literature are analysed in order to clarify the most frequently applied educational measures and punishments, their essence and problems of their application. Attention is also paid to the institutes of suspension of sentences and exemption from criminal liability, the practice of their application and the problems of their use in relation to juveniles. It also highlights the fundamental changes in the wording of the articles of the forthcoming Chapter XI of the Criminal Code, which will come into force in 2025. The system of criminal liability of minors is unique in that it is based on a comprehensive assessment of the specific features of age, social and psychological maturity, with a view to reconciling liability with the ability of juveniles to understand the consequences of their actions. Although educational measures are declared to be a priority, statistics show that the use of punitive measures against minors is too frequent. The law also provides for the suspension of sentences and exemption from criminal liability for adolescents. Statistical analysis also shows that the courts rarely exempt juveniles from criminal liability, as the law lays down strict criteria that must be met in order to apply this measure. |
