| Abstract [eng] |
Author. Dominika ROPENGO, 4th year. Supervisors. Lecturer. Rita URBANAVIČĖ (supervisor), prof. dr. Natalja ISTOMINA (consultant), VU MF Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing. Aim. To assess the impact of political factors on nursing practice in Europe from the 19th century to the present. Methods. A systematic analysis of scientific literature was performed using the databases PubMed, Web of Science and the scientific information search system Google Scholar. The search terms used in the search were in Lithuanian and English: nursing policy, healthcare reforms, nursing standardization, Bologna Process, nursing regulation with logical operators AND, OR. The review included open access, full-text scientific articles in English and Lithuanian that met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and were published between 2009 and 2023. Results. The sanitary reforms implemented in the late 19th century and the establishment of nursing schools helped to shape the foundations of modern nursing. The post-war health reforms that took place in the mid-20th century, including the establishment of the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom, helped to strengthen the role of the nursing profession in the health care system. The implementation of the Bologna Process in the late 20th century standardized nursing education in Europe, improved the international mobility of nurses, and ensured higher professional standards. Healthcare policy decisions in the 21st century, such as the digitalization of health services, greater attention to the development of nurses’ qualifications, and the development of professional responsibility, further strengthened the importance of the nursing profession. Conclusions. Political factors since the 19th century has made a significant contribution to the development of nursing practice in Europe, from laying the foundations of modern nursing to promoting contemporary professional development, mobility and standardisation. However, continued political support for the training and working conditions of nurses is essential to ensure even better quality of care. |
