| Abstract [eng] |
The master's thesis analyses the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the modern process. The most important AI tools that can be integrated into civil procedure, as well as the threats arising from the integration of such tools, are discussed. The first part of the thesis analyses the historical development of AI and its scientific and legal concept, establishing that the concept of AI is not new and is characterized by its breadth. It is determined that the concept of AI should mostly be interpreted through the features characteristic of this technology. Also, a comparison is made of how the concept of AI is defined in various legal sources, establishing that the concept provided in the essential existing regulation is more precise and better defined. This part of the thesis accordingly discusses the existing regulation of AI, determining that soft law sources establish fundamental principles for how AI systems should be implemented, while the first detailed binding legal acts, such as the AI Act, provide more concrete measures to ensure the safe and human-centered implementation of AI. The second part of the thesis discusses the possible uses of AI. The main focus in the thesis is given to such tools as decision anonymization tools, online dispute resolution, case prediction tools, advanced search systems, procedural document drafting, document sorting tools and chatbots. After discussing these tools, it was determined that they can enhance the implementation of such principles of civil procedure as the right to judicial protection, equality, impartiality of judges, and publicity of case materials. The tools would particularly strengthen the principles of efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the procedure. The third part of the thesis analyses the possible threats of integrating AI into civil procedure. Moral aspects and the issue of public trust are discussed in relation to transferring dispute resolution into the hands of a robot-judge, as well as problems of AI such as the hallucinations, ethical aspects, the black box problem, the issue of AI bias, data protection, and the problem of deepfakes. It is concluded that due to the listed threats, AI should be integrated into civil procedure as a supportive tool, but not as a means of replacing judges or other decision-makers. When integrating AI systems into civil procedure, it is important to ensure their transparency and human oversight. |
