| Abstract [eng] |
he idea of the work was stimulated by Greimas's thesis that the Lithuanian interwar avant-garde remained in the history of culture only as a formal exercise book. The study of reception highlighted the need to reinterpret the poetry of the interwar avant-garde, abandoning certain entrenched opinions and attempting to reconsider the question of their meaning. Combining Algirdas Julius Greimas's semiotic analysis, cultural sociology, literary reception and other tools, an instrumentarium has been created that is suitable for the study of the works of the most important avant-garde authors, Binkis and Tysliava, in order to find the answers to the question of whether the Lithuanian avant-gardists succeeded in bringing about the revolution. The study is based on the hypothesis that avant-garde innovations are not only related to aesthetic and linguistic values, but also to social values, and therefore a lot of attention is paid to the changes in mentality (attitude). Four texts by avant-garde poets - Kazis Binkis and Juozas Tysliava - have been chosen as the objects of the thesis: Kazis Binkis' "Vėjavaikiškas" and "Duonelaitisškas", and Juozas Tysliava's poems "Vėjas" and the radio poem "Tysliava Paryžiuj", as the most representative examples of rebellion and the relationship with the tradition. The chapter "Two Winds of Spring between the Wars" is devoted to semiotic analyses of these poets. The analysis of Binki's "The Wind" reveals the predominance of naturalistic, playful and childhood euphoric values. Tysliava's "Wind" shows the destructive nature of the performer's wind in opposition to Binki's interpretation. The analysis of the poem "Tysliava in Paris" revealed an ambivalent relationship with French and Lithuanian culture; Binki's "Duonelaitischesky", created as a parody of Donelaitis's "Metai", expresses a desire to take over Donelaitis's role. The results show that the avant-gardists carried out the so-called revolution on two levels: linguistic and mental. The idea and innovativeness of the literary revolution is expressed in the contrast between the close/distant distance of Jouissance, whereby Tysliava is identified as a long-distance author and Binkis as a close-distance one. The application of the sociological model to the analysis of literature makes it possible to distinguish two paradigms of rebellious attitudes. Binkis's speaker is characterised by moderate rebellion and a relationship with tradition, and is therefore associated with the Promethean model. Tysliava, because of his destructiveness and rejection of cultural traditions and individualism, is identified as a satanic type of rebel. Based on Kavolis, two profiles of liberated persons have been formulated: Binki's freedom is localised in Lithuania, so we can call him a "liberated Lithuanian", while Tysliava's liberation is achieved by changing the cultural context and finding himself in Europe, so we consider him a "liberated European". In answering the main question, it is concluded that there can be no unambiguous answer. The most important innovation of Binckis and Tysliava is considered to be the semiotic revolution they started, which continues to this day. |
