| Abstract [eng] |
The aim of this dissertation is to analyse the development of manufacturing technologies of swords discovered in Lithuania. Swords were produced using various sophisticated technologies, making knowledge of their manufacture and archaeometallurgical aspects important for understanding the socio-economic aspects of past societies. Few studies of this kind have been conducted in Lithuania, whereas foreign researchers specializing in sword manufacturing technologies are more advanced. To address this gap, a study on the development of sword making was undertaken, forming the basis for this dissertation. The primary survey method was radiography, which involves passing X-rays through metal objects and analysing the resulting images for traces of manufacturing technology. This research was supplemented by macro and micro analysis, as well as other non-invasive methods such as computed tomography and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The data obtained was compared to metallographic surveys of sword blades conducted several decades ago. The results allow classification of the production methods of sword blades found in Lithuania into several groups and comparison with production methods known in other regions. The study indicates that the production of these weapons underwent local development (possibly, characteristic of the wider Baltic tribal region) and was relatively conservative: production technologies that have been replaced by more modern ones elsewhere remained longer in Lithuania, and innovations took more time to be adopted. Single-edged swords experienced a unique evolution. Their manufacturing technologies are similar to those of knives or battle knives but with different hilt constructions. Such production is unique to the region of Baltic tribes. |
