| Abstract [eng] |
The main aim of this work: design and investigate CNC milling machine and controller. Bring the following tasks: (1) to do the literature review of the components used by CNC machines; (2) Create CNC machine model using “SolidWorks”; (3) Design and build mechanical and electronic parts for CNC machine; (4) Using “SolidWorks Simulation” run Static simulation; (5) Compare experimental and theoretical results; (6) To do review of CNC machine controllers; (7) Choose a CNC machine controller; (8) Customize and test the selected application for the controller. After analyzing and comparing the open-source CNC controller programs – Synthetos G2 G code interpreter was selected. It differs from competing applications for the ability to control 6 axis (X, Y, Z and A, B, C). The speed control program uses the S curve model. For interpreting the G code for a CNC machine controller I chose AT91SAM3X8E microcontroller. The controller was successfully tested for 5-axis CNC machine tools. The microprocessor ESP 32 is used to receive / send the G code. The created online server is running. After analysis of the CNC components, the mechanical part of the three-axis CNC machine was designed and manufactured: the length of the machine is 3 m, the width 2,5 m, the height from the ground 2 m. Without milling load, the positioning accuracy in the X and Y axis is 20 μm and the Z axis is 15 μm. The 5th axis is designed but not constructed yet. Using “SolidWorks Simulation” tool I did static simulation. It was found that the stress results are lower than the material yield limit, and therefore the deformations are plastic. The displacement during the simulation are at least one and a half times larger than measured experimentally. The mismatch between the results is due to mechanical vibrations and deformations of the end – mill. |
