| Abstract [eng] |
The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the export promotion in CEE countries. It was identified that the lack of scientific knowledge of export promotion, especially in the CEE countries, is the main problem that causes barriers for export development. The research object: export promotion practice of the CEE countries, development needs and opportunities. The aim of the research: Based on theoretical survey to analyze and define the influence of the country export promotion methods to export and economic growth, to verify it empirically and to make recommendations export promotion policy for Lithuania. The following research objectives are set up: To analyze Lithuanian and foreign literature, which topic is related to theory of international trade development, export promotion methods and export development issues. To analyze the EU counties‘export characteristcs,in order to identify existing problems, which prevent the export development in CEE countries. To identify and compare the applied export promotion policy and to estimate its effectiveness in the export development in selected CEE countries. To submit conclusions and suggestions for export promotion policy suitable for Lithuania economic conditions. The research methods: The scientific analysis of literature, comparative analysis, document analysis, the analysis of legitimation, the regression and correlation analysis and the Granger causality test. Research results and conclusions: Having performed and analyzed scientific literature, there is systematised and summarised the theoretical concept of export, export performance measures and policies and the importance of export development. In general, it is considered that export promotion is not accepted, but the government tends to protect their countries producers. Analyzes of Hungary, Czech Republic and Lithuania export statistics show, that Hungary and Czechs export structure is near to the EU trend, where the largest proportion of it - medium and high technology - based industry and machinery and equipment export, which is competitive in the EU and globally. On the other hand, a fifth of Lithuania export consists low competitiveness products. This situation indicates a problem, that resources are allocated inefficiently and exported products have a low added value. In order to identify the possible sources of this diversity, the institutional framework was analyzed. Unlike in Lithuania, in Hungary and the Czech Republic there is a binary state export promotion model, which financial measures are contributing to export growth and gaining comparative advantage of machinery and industry products. The study shows, that FDI is also a factor, which affects the countries ability to export. There is a strong relationship between cumulative FDI and export‘s volume. What is more, Granger causality test shows, that FDI is the reason for export. Comparative analysis of FDI attracting policy shows, that Hungarian and Czechs measures packages are more efficient. Moreover, high level of innovation, high R&D expenditures, high education and business cooperation in clusters also positively correlated with high technology and high value added product development and their exports. Due to these facts, it is necessary to take measures to promote the university – businesses cooperation in scientific and experimental researches. With reference to the analysis, there was a provision that a confirmed strategical management of the export development is not universal, however there are economic and social factors that need to be taken into consideration making the export development strategy. The consolidated conclusions are presented that the lack of dual system highlights the local Lithuanian exporters are uncompetitive. There is a need of economic policy decisions to relocate counties resources in order to use them efficiently and produce high-value added products and services. |
