| Abstract [eng] |
The paper “Nationalism and Globalization: an Analysis of Contemporary Sociological Theories” analyzes three theoretical paradigms, differently describing the relation between nationalism and globalization: 1) Ulrich Beck's model of radical distinction between the early modernity of nationalism and the late modernity of cosmopolitanism; 2) Michael Billig's model of globalization as a hegemony of nation-state system; 3) Zygmunt Bauman's model of both crisis of early modernity's nation-state system and its reconstruction through the contradictions of globalization. The main questions (which are the basis for distinguishing three paradigms) considered here are at least two: 1) what is the connection between nationalism and cosmopolitanism: can nationalism develop a cosmopolitan form or become a part of a cosmopolitan order; 2) what is the relation between nationalism and the processes of modernity-building, denoted by globalization: does the nation-state system adapt to meet the contradictions of globalization or is being it superseded by a global cosmopolitan order? Though Bauman's and Beck's analyzed changes, especially the globalization of economic sphere, erode the ideal of autonomic nation-state, thus forming a basis of a question about the possibility of early modernity's social structure's transformation into global cosmopolitan one; yet nation-state remains as the main unifying principal and is being reified by globalization's contradictions, Bauman's and Billig's defined primarily through power relations and inequality. Thus it is suggested that globalization denotes partial and not radical transfomation of modernity's social structure, where nationalism remains one the main pinciples organizing the social reality. Nevertheless, while the concept of cosmopolitan society cannot be separated from nationalism because of the differences it denotes, this concept remains a significant moral ideal of modernity, representing the possibility of alternative world, as suggested by Bauman and Beck. |
